Building blocks and wall.



H. VAN GAEYSEBLE. BUILDING BLOCKS AND WALL.

APPLIOATION FILED 1908' Patfln l 1910' 8 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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H. VAN GAEYSEELE. BUILDING BLOCKS AND WALL.

APPLICATION IILBD OUT. 13, 190B.

Patented'Apr. 19,1910.

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I H. VAN GAEYSEELE; BUILDING BLOCKS AND IGATION FILE WALL.

955,230. 1908' Patented Apr. 19, 1910. 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HECTOR VAN GAEYSEELE, OF SALEM, ILLINOIS.

BUILDING BLOCKS AND WALL.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Hnc'ron VAN CAEY- SEELE, a subject of the Kingdom ofBelgium, residing at Salem, in the county of Marion and State ofIllinois, have invented a new and original Improvement in BuildingBlocks and WValls, of which the following is a specification, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, forming part thereof.

This invention embodies certain novel improvements in building wallconstruction, and is designed to afiorol a structure of such wallspossessing a maximum degree of rigidity and strength, facilitating theoperation L of building such wall, and having important advantages inregard to the provision of air passages in the wall to render the samemoisture proof. 1

For a full understanding of the invention, reference is to be had to thefollowing detail description, and to the accompanying drawings, in whichFigures 1 to 7 show a preferred embodiment of the invention andillustrate the shapes of certain blocks in plan view and separated, anda suitable number of which blocks when laid properly form the wallconstituting the invention; Fig. 8 is a top plan view showing how theblocks are assembled in building a wall; Fig. 9 is a plan view of amodified form of the invention showing no filler blocks; Fig. 10 is amodification extending the idea of construction shown in Fig. 8 toafford a wall of greater thickness;

Figs. 11 and 12 are perspective views showing how upper and lower blocksare positioned relative to one another; Figs. 13 to 16 are views similarto Figs. 11 and 12, but of the blocks shown in the construction in Fig.9; Figs. 17 to 19 are detail perspective views bringing out more clearlyhow the brace elements of the upper and lower blocks are arrangedrelative to one another; Figs. 20 to 23 illustrate adaptations of theinvention to corner construction of walls.

Fig. 1 is a plan View of the first of the main building blocks, and isused as facing block. It comprises a body part marked A, with a socketat one end, marked O, a projection at the other end marked D, and withtwo body braces marked B, extending diagonally from the inner face, orrather, from one side thereof; said body braces being spaced so that thevertical longitudinal center line of each meets the verticallongitudinal center line of A at a point about one- Specification ofLetters Patent.

Application filed October 13, 1908.

Patented Apr. 19, 1910.

Serial No. 457,489.

fourth of the distance of the total face length of A from one end. Thebraces B lie in such a direction from A that when laid in a single wallof two rows of blocks in the same horizontal course, as shown in Figs.9, 13 and 1 1, the blocks of one row being reversed to the otheropposite row, the vertical longitudinal center line of the braces B formthe sides of a plurality of equilaterally disposed triangles, havingtheir apex and base alternately in the body parts A of the blocks inboth rows, thus forming a plurality of triangularly disposed verticalair spaces, as shown in Fig. 9 by X. In the course of a wall, thevertical air spaces form a plurality of triangularly disposed verticalair chambers throughout its height, and the braces B form verticalplanes. The blocks in the next succeeding horizontal course, as Fig. 13is to Fig. 1 1, are laid in the same manner as stated above, onlyreversed to the lower adjacent course, and thus by means of some mortar,bind every brace of said lower course, the braces B of one row of blocksbinding the braces B of the next lower opposite row of blocks. In theregular run or course of a wall, with the exception of corners and ends,each block in both rows of blocks in the same horizontal course, breaksjoints over the vertical center of two lower adjacent blocks in thelower adjacent course. C and I), shown in Fig. 1, are used as end locksfor the adjacent blocks, and form the vertical joints, which, by meansof some mortar, are made water tight.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the second of the set of main building blocks,and is used as filler and as binding piece. It comprises a body part,marked E, with four body braces, marked F, two extending diagonally fromeach side of E, two of these braces branch off at one end of E, and liein difierent opposite directions, and the other two branch off from E ata point near its vertical center, and lie in the same directionrespectively as the two braces located at one end of E. All braces of Emarked F, lie in such a direction that when laid in a double wall, asshown in Figs. 8, 11 and 12, with blocks shown in Fig. 1, on both sidesthereof, in the same horizontal course, they set in between the braces Bof each of the outside rows of blocks, as shown in Fig. 8, and towardthe different points in the body parts A of each of said outside rows,where the vertical longitudinal center lines of the braces B meet thevertical longitudinal center line of the body part A in each outside rowof blocks in the same horizontal course. Thus, in a double wall, asshown in Fig. 8, the vertical longitudinal center lines of the braces Band the vertical longitudinal center lines of the braces F, form thesides of a plurality of side by side equila-terally disposed triangles,having their apex and base alternately in the body parts A of the blocksin each of the outside rows of blocks, and also in the inner verticallongitudinal rib or plane, which is formed by the body parts E of thekind of blocks shown in Fig. 2, and which is parallel to the face of thewall, thereby forming a plurality of side by side triangular-1y disposedvertical air spaces, shown in Fig. 8 by X. In the course of a wall,these air spaces form a plurality of t-riangularly disposed vertical airchambers throughout its height, and the braces F and B form a pluralityof planes (vertical planes) throughout the whole height of said wall.The blocks in the next succeeding horizontal course, as Fig. 11 is toFig. 12, are reversed to the lower adjacent course and bind every bracesolidly in the wall. The braces B of the facing blocks, bind the bracesF of the fillers of the lower adjacent course, and the braces F of theupper row of fillers, bind the braces B of the lower opposite rows offacing blocks, at the same time, the body parts of the upper row offacing blocks break joints over the vertical center of the body parts ofthe lower adjacent rows of facing blocks respectively, and the bodyparts of the fillers in the upper course break joints with the bodyparts of the fillers of the lower adjacent course.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the third of the main building blocks, and isused as facing block. It comprises a body part marked G, with a socketat one end marked I, a projection at the other end marked J and a bodybrace, marked H, whose vertical longitudinal center line extendsdiagonally from the vertical longitudinal center line of G, at apointabout onefourth of the distance of the total face length of G from theend where the socket I is located.

When laid in a single wall of two rows of blocks in the same horizontalcourse, as shown in Figs. 15 and 16, the braces of the blocks in one rowset in between the braces of the blocks in the opposite row, and towardthe different points in the body parts of the blocks in said oppositerow, where the vertical longitudinal center lines of the braces of saidrow, meet the vertical longitudinal center line in the body part of theblocks in the same row. Thus the method of laying blocks, as shown inFig. 3, in a wall, is practically the same as described in the detail ofthe block shown in Fig. 1, and also produces the same results.

Blocks as shown in Fig. 3 are a strict necessity in the construction ofany wall where half and quarter blocks are required to finish ends andcorners. In turn, they can be used by themselves, or with blocks asshown in Figs. 1 and 2, and it will produce the same kind of wall, asthe block shown in Fig. 1 would, with the exception that the latter hasa bigger face length, and two body braces instead of one.

The part of the block shown by Fig. 2, which lies toward the left of thedotted line marked K, is half of said block, and is used as filler andbinding piece. It comprises a body part marked E, and two body braces F,extending diagonally from E at one end thereof, and lie in differentopposite directions, when laid in a double wall, as shown in Figs. 8, l1and 12, with blocks shown in Fig. 1, or blocks shown in Fig. 3, on bothsides thereof, in the same horizontal course. They produce the sameresults as the whole block shown in Fig. 2 would, with the exceptionthat the one has a longer body part and has four body braces instead oftwo. The method of laying them in a wall is practically the same as themethod of laying the blocks shown by Fig. 2 in any wall, double, triple,etc.

The part of the block shown by Fig. 2 which lies left of the dotted lineK is the fourth and last of the main set of building blocks, and is astrict necessity in the construction of any double, triple, etc. wallwhere half and quarter blocks are required to finish corners or ends. Inturn, they can be used by themselves as fillers in any double, triple,etc., wall, or with blocks as shown by Fig. 2, and will produce the sameresults as the latter blocks would. The part toward the right of thedotted line L in Fig. 2 represents a corner piece to be used in anycorner of from 30 degrees to 90 degrees. The part of the block shown inFig. 2, which lies toward the right of the dotted line K is also used toturn corners, and when one wall sets out from another, but the bodybraces are changed to the angle desired as shown in Figs. 20, 21, 22 and23.

Fig. at represents a corner block with a body part marked M and a bodybrace marked N. This block is used in corners of walls lying at anglesof from 30 degrees to 90 degrees.

Fig. 5 represents a corner block to turn square corners, as is shown inFigs. 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16. It comprises. an an gular bodypart marked OO, with a body brace marked P, extending diagonally from apoint near one end thereof.

Fig. 6 represents a corner block to turn square corners, and is alsoused as end piece. The whole of this block or part thereof is used inFigs. 9, 10, 13, 14, 15 and 16. It comprises an angular body part markedRR, with a projection extending from the inner side of the main part ofthe body part, marked S.

Fig. 7 represents an end block and part of it is used also to turnsquare corners, the whole of this block or part thereof is used in Figs.8, 10, 11 and 12. It comprises a body part marked T, with two endprojections marked V, and two angular projections marked U.

Fig. 8 is a plan view of a short horizontal course of blocks of a doublewall. The letter A represents the body parts of blocks shown by Fig. 1,the letter B represents the body braces of the same blocks. The letter Erepresents the body parts of the blocks shown by Fig. 2, and the letterF represents the body braces of the same blocks. The letter T representsthe body part of the block as shown in Fig. 7; the letter U representsthe triangular projec tions of the same block. The letter 0 representsthe body part of the block shown in Fig. 5, and the letter F representsthe body brace of the same block. X represents the vertical triangularlydisposed air spaces. The detail of this course was explained in thedetail of Fig. 2, with the exception of the end and corner pieces.

Fig. 9 is a plan view of a short horizontal course of blocks of a singlewall. The letters A and B represent the body parts of the blocks asshown by Fig. 1, and also the braces of the same blocks respectively. 00and P represent the body part of the block shown in Fig. 5, and the bodybrace of the same block respectively. RR represents part of the angularbody part of the block shown in Fig. 6. The detail of this course wasdescribed in the detail of the block shown in Fig. 1, with the exceptionof the end pieces.

Fig. 10 is a plan view of a short horizontal course in a triple wall. Arepresents the body part of the blocks shown in Fig. 1, B represents thebraces of the same blocks. G represents the body parts of the blocksshown in Fig. 3; H represents the braces of the same blocks. Erepresents the body parts of the blocks shown in Fig. 2. F representsthe body braces of the same blocks. B represents the angular body partof the blocks shown in Fig. 6, and S represents the projection of thesame block. T represents the body part of the block shown in Fig. 7 Vrepresents the end projections of said block, and U represents theangular projections of the same block. X represents the verticaltriangularly disposed air spaces. The detail of this course and themethod of laying the blocks has been explained in the detail of Fig. 2,with the exception of the end pieces. In this kind of a wall, theoutside braces of both rows of fillers, bind the braces of the facingblocks of the lower adjacent course, and at the same time, the insidebraces of both rows of fillers are bound, each row in turn, by theinside braces of the upper opposite adjacent row of fillers, and thebraces of the upper rows of facing blocks bind the outside braces ofboth rows of fillers of the lower adjacent course. The body parts of thefillers break joints over each other (like they do in any wall whenused) and the body parts of the facing blocks break oints in the samemanner, as described in the detail of Fig. 1.

Fig. 11 is a top and front perspective View seen from an angle of 45degrees, of a short horizontal course in a double wall, and is thebinding course for Fig. 12, which is also a front and top view seen fromthe same angle. The short broken lines indicate how the whole blocks asshown in Fig. 1 break joints in the course of a wall.

Fig. 13 is a top and front perspective view, seen from an angle of 4L5degrees, of a short horizontal course in a single wall, and is thebinding course for Fig. 14, which is also a top and front perspectiveview of the same kind of a course as Fig. 13. The letters lVVV showparts of the block as shown in Fig. 1, and the short broken linesindicate how the whole blocks break joints.

Fig. 15 is a top and front perspective view of a short horizontal coursein a single wall, and is the binding course for Fig. 16, which is also aperspective view, seen from the same angle. Both of those courses aremade up of blocks as shown in Fig. 3 with end pieces as shown in Fig. 9.The short broken line indicates how those blocks break joints in thecourse of a wall.

Fig. 17 is a perspective view of three blocks as shown in Fig. 1,showing the method of laying them in a wall.

Fig. 18 is a perspective view of blocks as shown in Fig. 2, the bottomblock represents a Whole block, and the two upper blocks represent twohalf blocks. This figure shows the method of laying those blocks in awall.

Fig. 19 is a perspective view of blocks as shown in Fig. 3, and showshow those blocks are laid in a wall.

Fig. 20 is a plan view of a square corner,

showing how half of the block shown in the outer blocks havinginterlocking pr0jec tions and recesses at adjacent vertical edges, andboth the inner and outer blocks being formed with diagonally extendingbraces between their ends, the outer ends of the braces of one block,being in contact with the body of the opposite block, and each course ofblocks being arranged with its braces extending in a direction reverseto those of the next lower course of blocks, the extremities of thebraces of the blocks contacting with the bodies of opposite blocks atthe points where the said braces join the block bodies, whereby saidbraces resist lateral and longitudinal stress.

2. A building wall composed of inner and outer rows of blocks spacedapart by integral diagonal braces projecting from the bodies of saidblocks, the ends of the braces of one row of blocks contacting with thebodies of the opposite blocks substantially at the angle where saidbraces oin the bodies of their blocks, whereby lateral and longitudinalstress is resisted, and a plurality of triangular air spaces formedbetween the rows, the inner and outer blocks being ar ranged in upperand lower courses so that the air spaces register and form vertical airchambers, and the braces of the blocks of each lower course beingreversed with reference to those just above them but the braces of aninner lower row of blocks being in the same vertical plane as those ofan upper outer row of blocks.

3. A building wall composed of upper and lower courses of blocks eachcourse consisting of inner and outer rows, the blocks of each row havingopposite diagonal braces extending toward but at an angle to each otherand in contact with the bodies of the respective blocks, the braces 01the inner row of blocks extending reverse to those of the row just abovebut in the same vertical plane as those of the upper outer row ofblocks.

i. A building wall composed of upper and lower courses of blocks, eachcourse consist ing of inner and outer rows, the blocks of each rowhaving diagonal braces extending toward one another, the braces of theinner row of blocks extending reverse to those of the row just above butin the same vertical plane through opposite directions as those of theupper outer row of blocks, the blocks of each row being interlocked atthe joints, those below breaking joint with those above, and the bracescontacting at opposite extremities.

HECTOR VAN CAEYSEELE. ii 'itnesses ROBERT S. CLARK, CHARLES C. OGLE.

